Twenty-first Century Technologies: The Road to Reindustrialization

(PESN) Artificial Intelligence expert explains the lag between scientific discovery and explanation; specifies a few promising technologies of note, including Brown's gas or hydroxy, Rossi's cold fusion, Turtur's zero point energy, Aviso's self-running electric car.

by Lewey Gilstrap
for Pure Energy Systems News

Introduction

United States entrepreneurs are handicapped in their quest to reindustrialize by many factors, ranging from an inhospitable political regime to adherence to outmoded technology.

While the Tea Party grass roots movement has made progress in the political arena, a similar kind of grassroots movement is needed to facilitate the adoption of twenty-first century technology.  But first, just what is technology and how does it fit in the scheme of things?

What is Technology?

Science is the study of the natural world by observation and experimentation.  The end product of scientific studies is knowledge of the properties of physical things and about the behavior of systems of objects.  Science is also concerned with the development of overall principles and generalizations that apply to many different types of systems.  Science is an activity; it is not the knowledge that is accumulated by this activity, although the knowledge is what enables others, not necessarily scientists, to address more effectively problems such as production, transportation, communication, and everyday living.

Engineering is the discipline for applying scientific and practical knowledge to problems in the real world using techniques and technologies.  Given a problem and resources and a clearly defined objective to be accomplished, engineers apply existing technology, sometimes developing new techniques and technologies or refining old ones, to produce goods or services to solve a problem.

A technology is a set of techniques, methods, procedures, tools, and materials that solve some specific problem or class of problems.  While scientists make discoveries that can lead to new techniques and new ways of doing things, it is usually engineers and technicians that develop the techniques and technology that exploit the scientific knowledge in the course of meeting some specified goal.  A technology is problem-specific, and invariably is developed as a means to produce a good or service wanted by the public or needed to solve a problem.

The existence of a comprehensive, settled, scientific theory is not a requirement for the development of a technology, however.  It is not at all uncommon for technology to be developed years before science arrives at a theory.  As examples, James Watt's contributions to steam technology, and his improvements to the Newcomen steam engine were made long before Sadi Carnot developed the theory of heat engines, and Michael Faraday invented the first electric motor about forty years before Maxwell produced a comprehensive theory of electricity.  Indeed, it was Faraday's work that guided Maxwell and enabled him to formulate the famous Maxwell equations for electromagnetism.

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